DCMB Tools & Technology Seminar: Abhirath Anand

Join us for the DCMB Tools & Technology Seminar Series featuring a presentation by Abhirath Anand from the Department of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics. Enjoy a complimentary pizza lunch while learning about innovative research and cutting-edge tools.

"hospitraceR: An R Package for WGS-Based Genomic Epidemiological Analysis of Healthcare-Associated Infections”

Tool Link:  https://github.com/theabhirath/hospitraceR

Abstract

Genomic epidemiology, which combines whole-genome sequencing (WGS) with patient data is becoming increasingly common to detect the transmission of hospital-acquired infections, especially multi-drug resistant organisms. As high-throughput WGS becomes more affordable, software that facilitates the analysis of this genomic data along with patient metadata becomes crucial to generate timely insights. Prior studies have shown that there can be many different approaches to detect transmission clusters with genomic epidemiology data, and oftentimes these approaches will have tradeoffs more or less suitable for a certain dataset. We present hospitraceR, an R package designed to facilitate such analyses. hospitraceR includes functions for detecting transmission clusters with two different methods, the standard SNV threshold approach and a threshold-free approach. It also includes functions that can use patient movement information through the facility to suggest potential transmission explanations for the clusters. hospitraceR seeks to enable users to use multiple methods of transmission cluster detection and compare them easily using cluster comparison metrics. Metrics like the adjusted Rand Index (ARI) and adjusted mutual information (AMI) have been included for this purpose, as has fraction of converts with shared source (FSS), a custom metric designed specifically for comparing transmission clusters. A companion package, hospitraceRvisualize, also includes opinionated plotting functions for certain commonplace visualizations that aid in epidemiological interpretations. We apply hospitraceR to a dataset consisting of 4 long-term acute care hospitals (LTACHs) from Chicago sampled for different periods of time as part of an intervention study and evaluate the two different approaches for cluster detection. We find distinct patterns exhibited by the transmission clusters in different locations and also compare the different clusters obtained with different SNV thresholds and linkage criterion for hierarchical clustering. The hospitraceR package proves to be helpful in facilitating such comparisons and makes it easy to use WGS data to aid epidemiological investigation.